Breast Milk
Breast Milk and DNA
Most experts agree that breast milks offers benefits for a newborn that formula cannot. Now, a new study adds support to this argument by finding that breast milk can affect gene expression.
Using a noninvasive technique, the new study found that breast milk and formula have different effects on at least 146 genes. Researchers examined 12 breast fed infants as compared to 10 formula fed infants to look for signs of gene expression. Scientists looked for signs of gene expression by examining messenger RNA in the infants’ fecal matter. Gene expression refers to the process by which instructions in a gene are used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins. In other words, gene expression considers how certain genes are switched on or off in the body.
Breast milk appeared to positively affect a number of genes, including some of the genes that protect against leaky gut disorder. This disorder is believed by researchers to increase the risk of allergies and inflammatory diseases such as asthma, colitis, and Crohn’s disease. All of these conditions have been found in higher rates among formula fed babies according to prior studies.
Scientists believe that breast milk and formula can affect gene expression in two different ways. Some argue that breast milk and formula change the factors that are responsible for decoding DNA into its active forms. Others argue that breast milk and formula have an epigenetic effect whereby the DNA spiral is refolded in order to make certain genes more or less available for use. The latter argument would mean that the effects are usually permanent. This adds support to the theory, since the benefits of breast milk for infants have been found to have long-lasting effects.
This study adds evidence to the growing body of knowledge suggesting that breast milk is superior to formula for infants. Additional studies will be needed, however, to confirm the specific link between breast milk and gene expression.
About the Author
Along with writing, Sammi enjoys working in her lawn and gardens. Garden Harvest Supply is one of her favorite garden sites which offer tomato plants and other live vegetable plants for sale.
Pumping and expressing breast milk
|
|
Lansinoh Breastmilk Storage Bags, 25-Count, 3pk *FREESH $17.95 |
|
|
Red Rubber Squeezing Pumping Suction Milk Breast Pump $5.11 |
|
|
NEW 3 BREAST MILK STORAGE BOTTLES 4 OZ /130 ml FREEZE FREE SHIPPING $8.07 |
|
|
NEW STONY ANGEL BREAST PUMP EXCEEDING MILK PS REDS $7.13 |
|
|
NEW STONY ANGEL BREAST PUMP BREASTMILK FEEDING BABY $19.70 |
|
|
NEW NATUR TEMPERATURE BAG 6 PIECE OF NATUR BREASTMILK $33.95 |
|
|
NEW PIGEON BREASTMILK STORAGE BOTTLES 3PCS/SET 5 OZ $19.65 |
|
|
NEW PIGEON BREASTMILK PUMP AND STORAGE BOTTLES 5 OZ WITH NIPPLES FREE SHIPPING $50.99 |
|
|
50 medela breast milk bags and sns starter $3.00 |
|
|
GERBER BREAST MILK BAGS, NUK NIPPLES, AND AVENT BREAST PADS $0.99 |
|
|
Medela Pump & Save Breast Milk Bags 50ct 5oz bags $7.50 |
|
|
Playtex Drop-Ins System Breast Milk Storage Kit $8.99 |
|
|
New Christopher Radko Rare Formula #1 Baby Bottle Breast Milk Christmas Ornament $29.99 |
|
|
Breastmilk storage bags lot $17.23 |
|
|
Medela Breastmilk Feeding and Storage Set $23.28 |
|
|
Medela Breastmilk Bottles 6 new 2.7 oz $9.99 |
|
|
Medela Breastmilk Bottles 12 2.7 oz, 12 lids, 3 Snap top, 2 stands, 3 caps, plus $19.99 |
|
|
The Milk Bank Breast Pump $59.00 |
|
|
Lansinoh Affinity Breastmilk Storage Bottles 20411- Pack of 4 $11.75 |
|
|
A-1917 HYGEIA NURSING BOTTLE BABY NIPPLE MILK CELL BUFFALO BREAST SHIELD SUCTION $21.95 |
|
|
Berjuan Breast Milk Baby Nursing Doll Jessica NEW $39.95 |
|
|
Medela Breastmilk Freezing & Storage -NIB Dented 87061 $14.99 |
|
|
Lansinoh Breast Milk Storage Bags 50-pk. $20.23 |
|
|
New CSF breastmilk bags, Low price!!! $10.00 |
|
|
♥Milkies Breast Milk Saver Nursing Breastmilk Collector System $26.50 |
|
|
♥Milkies Breast Milk Saver Nursing Breastmilk Collector Save Every Drop! $26.50 |
|
|
Playtex Petite Double Electric Breast Pump w/Milk Storage Bags $21.00 |
|
|
ameda purely yours breast pump nursing infant baby milk bottles $9.99 |
|
|
Red Rubber Squeezing Pumping Suction Milk Breast Pump $5.34 |
|
|
MEDELA BREAST MILK BOTTLES LABELING LIDS STORAGE SYSTEM NEW $9.99 |
|
|
Breast Milk Feeding BREASTFEEDING Presentation on CD $7.99 |
|
|
Breast Pumping-Nipple milk express-Suction Bulbs with Xlarge well $0.99 |
|
|
Ameda Store N Pour Breast Milk Storage Kit – 40 Count $19.99 |
|
|
MEDELA BREAST MILK STORAGE BOTTLES LABELING LIDS x6 $8.99 |
|
|
Milkscreen Home Test for Alcohol in Breast Milk-17 Unopened Test Strips $15.50 |
|
|
Lansinoh Breast Milk Storage Bags 25 Count $1.99 |
|
|
Medela Pump In Style Dual Breast Pump Shoulder Bag Baby Milk Feeding $29.99 |
|
|
64 Sterile 2oz Breast Milk Storage Bottles-Unopened Packages $0.99 |
|
|
LANSINOH BREASTMILK DOUBLE ZIP STORAGE BAGS 50 COUNT! $1.04 |
|
|
NEW MEDELA BREAST MILK CONTAINER BOTTLE STAND #8100462 $3.99 |
|
|
MEDELA PUMP & SAVE BREAST MILK STORAGE FREEZER BAGS x50 $19.99 |
|
|
LANSINOH BREASTMILK FREEZER STORAGE BAGS x100 #20450 $19.99 |
|
|
Manual Squeezing Handle Horn Container Milk Breast Pump $6.13 |
|
|
NEW “LITTLE SIPPER” NOVELTY BREAST MUG CAN DISPENSE MILK/CREAM $9.99 |
|
|
Philips AVENT Comfortable Baby/Infant BPA-FREE Electric Gentle Breast Milk Pump $211.95 |
|
|
medela breastmilk storage and feeding set $0.99 |
|
|
Medela Breastmilk Labeling & Storage System #67345 $17.95 |
|
|
RK Manual Breast Pump + 1 Baby Milk Bottle And Teat $12.99 |
|
|
Baby Food/Breast Milk Freezer Storage Trays~Set of 2 $8.99 |
|
|
Minor and Trace Elements in Breast Milk: Report of a Jo $38.51 |
|
|
MILKIES MILK SAVER BREASTMILK COLLECTION CUP INSERT $26.50 |
|
|
4 SNAPPIES BREASTMILK CONTAINERS 2.25 OZ EACH $1.25 |
|
|
Great Deal!! 35ct Nursing Breast Milk Storage bags & 4 coup/expire12/12 $4.00 |
|
|
Manual Squeezing Handle Horn Container Milk Breast Pump $5.79 |
|
|
**STERILE** Medela Breastmilk Initiation System for Symphony & Lactina Pumps $15.57 |
|
|
Breastfeeding Increase Low Breast Milk Supply Tea Sample Works Great! $8.99 |
|
|
NEW ~ Playtex Drop-Ins System Breast Milk Storage Kit Feeding Bottles $14.75 |
|
|
Lot of 12 Breast Milk Storage Bottles w. Lids $3.99 |
|
|
Breast Milk Storage Bottles, NUK Pacifier & Coupon, Disposable Nursing Pads $5.99 |
|
|
24 x Enfamil Snappies Breastmilk Storage Container/Bottle $12.00 |
|
|
24 x Enfamil Snappies Breastmilk Storage Container/Bottle $12.00 |
|
|
12 x Enfamil Snappies Breastmilk Storage Container/Bottle $6.00 |
|
|
180 x Lansinoh Breastmilk Storage Bags $18.00 |
|
|
NUK Seal `n Go Breast Milk Storage Bags & Disposable Bottle Liners 25 ea $5.99 |
|
|
16 NEW, SEALED BOOTS BREASTMILK STORAGE BAGS $2.37 |
|
|
Lansinoh Breastmilk Storage Bags $7.00 |
|
|
Snappies Breast Milk Storage Containers. Breastfeeding. 25 containers.NEW $14.50 |
|
|
Hey New Moms! BPA Free Sterile Nursing Breastmilk Containers Bottles Feeder Cups $6.99 |
|
|
39pc LOT – BREAST MILK STORAGE BOTTLES BAGS & NIPPLES LANSINOH SNAPPIES ISOMIL $14.50 |
|
|
Lot of 24 breast milk storage bottles $1.99 |
|
|
Lot of 20 breast milk storage bottles $1.99 |
|
|
Medela Breast Milk Labeling Storage System Tray SIX bottles and SIX lids $10.50 |
|
|
Lansinoh Breastmilk Pre-sterilized Storage Bags 25 count NEW in sealed bag $6.00 |
|
|
LOT OF 4 (FOUR) MEDELA BREASTMILK STORAGE PUMP BOTTLES W/ CAPS~5 OZ CAP $2.04 |
|
|
Similac Enfamil disposable bottle nipples AND Medela breastmilk storage $0.99 |
|
|
Lot 48 Pre-sterilized Breastmilk Storage Bags Medela Lansinoh 20 NEW + 28 Extra $4.99 |
|
|
LOT of 3 LANSINOH & MEDELA pump save breastmilk STORAGE BAGS + BOTTLE LINERS $8.99 |
|
|
Avent Philips Baby Feeding Product ( Bottle . Breast… $28.45 |
|
|
Avent Breast Milk Storage Starter Set $42.01 |
|
|
THE ROSS HOSPITAL FORMULA SYSTEM 3 READY TO USE BREAST MILK STORAGE BOTTLES $8.00 |
|
|
Medela 80ml Breastmilk Freezing & Storage – Quantity 5 $0.01 |
|
|
NEW Avent VIA Breast Milk Storage System Kit $14.99 |
|
|
Babies Manual Plastic Container Milk Breast Pump Suction $6.29 |
|
|
EUC LOT OF (2) 5 OZ. MEDELA BREASTMILK COLLECTION STORAGE BOTTLES W/ SOLID LIDS! $7.99 |
|
|
2 Breastmilk storage container/holder trays with lids (for fridge or freezer)! $3.99 |
|
|
Lansinoh Breastmilk Storage Bags 50ct & Milkscreen Test Strips $3.99 |
|
|
Medela Pump & Save Breastmilk Bags 20 Ct & 2 Adaptars + Playtex Nurser Bottle $3.99 |
|
|
Medela New Pump & Save Breastmilk Bags – 50 pack $33.84 |
|
|
Red Rubber Squeeze Suction Handle Baby Milk Breast Pump $6.52 |
|
|
NEW BOX OF 25 BREASTMILK STORAGE BAGS AND SILICONE NIPPLE SHIELD $0.99 |
|
|
The First Years Breastmilk Thaw and Warm Cup Formula Fast heating with warm h2o $14.99 |
|
|
Medela Symphony Breastmilk initiation system breast pump $5.99 |
|
|
Medela 8oz Breastmilk Bottle Set $16.99 |
|
|
Medela 5oz Breastmilk Bottle Set $16.99 |
|
|
TWO Playtex One-Step Breast Milk Storage Kits $17.99 |
|
|
Ameda Store n’ Pour Breastmilk Storage Bags 40 Pack for Purely Yours Breast Pump $39.69 |
|
|
Manual Red Rubber Squeezing Pumping Suction Milk Breast Pump $5.86 |
|
|
Breastmilk Storage Bottle Assembly Fits Medela Pump in Style Breastpumps NEW $6.95 |
|
|
Lot of 12 SNAPPIES Breastfeeding Breastmilk Pumping Storage Bottles Leak-Proof $4.99 |
|
|
Abbott Breast Milk Storage Bottles 4 bottles 2oz ea w/ lids & Collar STERILE NEW $5.99 |